What is 'dread' according to existential philosophers?

Dread, in the context of existential philosophy, particularly as articulated by thinkers like Søren Kierkegaard and Jean-Paul Sartre, refers to a profound sense of apprehension that arises from an individual's awareness of their freedom and the responsibilities that accompany it. This concept highlights the existential realization that with freedom comes the weight of choice, where individuals must confront the potential consequences of their actions and decisions.

In this sense, dread is not just a simple fear but a deep, almost existential anxiety that stems from the understanding that one has the power to shape their own life, which can provoke feelings of unease regarding the uncertainty of the future and the burden of making the "right" choices. This awareness can lead to a paralyzing sense of dread, as individuals grapple with the limitless possibilities available to them and the inherent responsibility to take action in pursuing their authentic existence.

While anxiety about the future, fear of social rejection, and feeling overwhelmed by choices may also evoke feelings that can seem similar to dread, they do not capture the specific nuance of the existential apprehension related to personal freedom and the weight of responsibility, which is the core of the concept.